For this assignment, you need to use the "Online Retail" dataset, which can be downloaded in CSV

format accompanying this document in the online course. This is a transnational data set that contains

all the transactions occurring between $01$ Dec $2010$ and $09$ Dec $2011$ for a UK$-$based and registered non$-$

store online retail. The company mainly sells unique all$-$occasion gifts. Many customers of the company

are wholesalers. The data contains the following attributes:

$$ InvoiceNo: Invoice number. Nominal, a $6-$digit integral number uniquely assigned to each

transaction. If this code starts with the letter $\text{'}$c$\text{'},$ it indicates a cancellation

$$ StockCode: Product $($item$)$ code. Nominal, a $5-$digit integral number uniquely assigned to each

distinct product.

$$ Description: Product $($item$)$ name. Nominal.

$$ Quantity: The quantities of each $($item$)$ per transaction. Numeric. If the item$($s$)$ is returned back,

the quantity will be negative.

$$ InvoiceDate: Invoice Date and time. Numeric, the day and time when each transaction was

generated.

$$ UnitPrice: Unit price in British Pound. Numeric, Product price per unit in sterling.

$$ TransactionValue: The total transaction value, that is the product of the UnitPrice and Quantity.

$$ CustomerID: Customer number. Nominal, a $5-$digit integral number uniquely assigned to each

customer.

$$ Country: Country name. Nominal, the name of the country where each customer resides.

Each item that is purchased or returned is considered as one transaction. In other words, each row in

the table represents one transaction. Note that one invoice can include multiple transactions.

Use the data file to answer the following business questions.

Questions

Calculations

$1.$ What is the mean and median of TransactionValue?

$2.$ By comparing the median and mean of transaction values, can you infer if $$TransactionValue$$ is

skewed or symmetric?

$3.$ What is the IQR and standard deviation of TransactionValue?

$4.$ What is the correlation between the Quantity and UnitPrice?

$5.$ Show the breakdown of the number of transactions by countries, i$.$e$.,$ how many transactions

are in the dataset for each country $($consider all records, including return transactions$).$

$6.$ Show the breakdown of the total sum of transaction values by countries, i$.$e$.,$ how much money

in total has been spent by costumers from each country. Show only countries where the total

transaction value exceeds $130,000$ British Pound.

$7.$ What are the top $5$ products $($identified by StockCode$)$ that have generated the highest revenue

for the retailer? $($i$.$e$.,$ item with the highest total sum of $$TransactionValue$).$

$8.$ What is the second most popular product $($judged by the total quantity of the orders$)$ ordered by

Portuguese customers?

$9.$ What is the average transaction value of French customers for transactions where the quantity

of items ordered is exactly $1?($Hint: You need to filter both based on the country and the

quantity$)$

Short Answer

Please briefly $(3-5$ sentences$)$ answer each of the following questions:

$1.$ In an analytics project, what is the role and importance of data exploration and data

preparation? How should data be presented?

$2.$ What insights can summary statistics provide?

$3.$ A variety of