Forester Company has five products in its inventory. Information about the December 31, 2021, inventory follows.

product	quantity	unit cost	unit replacement cost	unit selling price
a	900	16	18	22
b	1,000	21	17	24
c	900	9	8	14
d	1,000	13	10	12
e	900	20	18	19

The cost to sell for each product consists of a 10 percent sales commission. The normal profit for each product is 40 percent of the selling price.

Required: 1. Determine the carrying value of inventory at December 31, 2021, assuming the lower of cost or market (LCM) rule is applied to individual products. 2. Determine the carrying value of inventory at December 31, 2021, assuming the LCM rule is applied to the entire inventory.

3. Assuming inventory write-downs are common for Forester, record any necessary year-end adjusting entry based on the amount calculated in requirement 2.