Foundation failure is a critical issue in the field of civil engineering and construction that seriously affects the structural integrity and safety of buildings. Foundations are designed to support structures by transferring loads to the soil, but due to various factors, foundations can fail, leading to harmful effects such as settlement and subsidence. Settlement occurs when the soil underneath the foundation compresses under the weight of the structure, a process that can be controlled to a certain critical value (called the "allowable bearing pressure"). However, when the load exceeds this critical value or settlement (movement caused by subsurface changes) occurs, problems such as cracking of walls, expansion or tilting of structural elements, uneven ground surfaces and blockage of water supply pipes may result