Friendly, along with Six other taxicab entities, operates out OT a facility in Oakland, California, and is under the control of Surinder Singh, the chief administrator, and her husband, Baljit Singh, the president of the company.1 Friendly owns approximately eighty taxicabs (fifty of which are designated as airport cabs) and leases these cabs to its, drivers who operate them at the Oakland International Airport and in the cities of Emeryville, Oakland, Berkeley, and Alameda, California. These leases typically state that the taxicabs are rented for seven days, renew automatically, and provide the drivers with six days of service and one day of mandatory maintenance per week. Each of Friendly's drivers is required to pay a fee or "gate," which ranges from $450 to $600 per week based on Friendly's discretion .2 In determining this fee, Friendly takes into account the cab model, as well as the driver's driving record, driving ability, and urior accidents. Friendly has a limited number of permits to operate at the Oakland W, which are in high demand and are typically held by drivers with -. . . _ - . Although drivers designate which entity they want to work for, Friendly retains the discretion to assign drivers to different taxicab entities, taxicab models, and the type of cab (airport or street cabs). These leases also specify that there is no employer-employee relationship between Friendly and its taxicab drivers, and that Friendly is not responsible for withholding any federal or state taxes or providing worker's compensation insurance. As part of the lease, Friendly's drivers agree to comply with Friendly's Taxicab Company Policy Manual ("Manual") and its Standard Operating Procedures ("SOP"). Although Friendly's Manual and SOP cover a broad 'range of topics that are common to the operation of a taxi service (e.g., safety concerns, non-discrimination policy, etc.), there are a number of regulations that concern Friendly's control over its drivers. For example, the. Manual instructs drivers that: "[a]cceleration should be smooth," they should. "[a]void abrupt stops," they should "not stop next to puddles or in front of obstacles such as signs, trees or hydrants," and that "[w]hen stopping at curbs, stop either right next to curb or out away from the curb." Friendly's Manual also imposes a dress code, which