From the company's perspective, why do they pay dividends? What do some companies prefer to keep their capital and reinvest it in the company? Does this make their investors (shareholders/stockholders) happy or unhappy?

Look outside the textbook for resources on these issues and discuss them from (1) the investor perspective and (2) that of the company. Investors are concerned with maximizing profits, and company management is concerned with keeping the stockholders/shareholders happy and with making the company look good to all the stakeholders in general. There are several pressures here.

The minimum word count is 100 words. Lists your references at the bottom of your initial post and do not copy and paste or quote any part of your post. Your responses should be original and based on your own understanding of the topic after you have read about the subject.