1. Heartsick ~In recent years, more people with cardiac disease have received implantable cardiovascular electronic devices (CIEDs) such as valves, pacemakers, and implantable defibrillators. The increased use of such devices is associated with an increase of endocarditis, an infection of the heart that often leads to death. Early detection of endocarditis is important for improved health outcomes for such patients.Researchers in Europe recently published a review of three different testing procedures:Themodified Duke criteria, a diagnostic tool based on blood and echocardiographic (echo) tests.
2. ThePET/CT diagnostic method, which uses Positron Emission Tomography and/or Computed Tomography scans of the heart.
3. Acombined criteria, a diagnostic tool that uses a combination of blood tests, echo tests, and PET/CT scans.

For this problem, you will be investigating the results of thecombined criteria. The sensitivity of thecombined criteriais 90.7% and the specificity is 89.5%.Suppose that the percentage of cardiac patients with CIEDs who have endocarditis is 2.68%. Use this value as a base rate and a theoretical population of 10,000 cardiac patients to complete the contingency table. Use the table to answer the following questions. Give all answers to 4 decimal places.

1.What proportion of cardiac patients with CIEDs would we expect to test positive for endocarditis using thecombined criteria?

2.What proportion of cardiac patients with CIEDs who test negative using thecombined criteriawould you expect to actually have endocarditis?

3.What is the chance that a cardiac patient with a CIED who tests positive using thecombined criteriawill not actually have endocarditis?

4.Recent medical research in this area reports differing values for the base rate of endocarditis for cardiac patients with CIEDs. Consider the chance that a patient who tests positive actually has endocarditis. If, instead of a base rate of 2.68%, the base rate was 14.63%, would this chance increase, decrease, or stay the same?

A. Increase

B. Decrease

C. Remain the same