Helen loans her son Ricky, $25,000 to help with the purchase of a car and other personal expenses. Due to her affection for her son, Helen charges Ricky zero interest. Which of these statements best describes the result of this below-market loan?

a. Helen will have interest expense since she is out the interest she could have earned.

b. Ricky will have interest income.

c. Helen will have interest income and an offsetting gift to Ricky.

d. Ricky will have interest income since he is better off by not having to pay interest.