help with geography questions 18, 19 and 20 please

1. Apply What You Learned: In your own words, explain how the aerosols in ship tracks create a local cooling effect. Be sure to indicate which of the atmospheric effects (absorption, reflection, scattering, or refraction) is responsible for the cooling.

2. Scientists create knowledge using three main types of research: lab experiments, field experiments, and computer modeling.

• Lab experiments are conducted in a controlled setting.

• Field experiments are conducted in a natural, real-world setting.

• Computer models use mathematical equations based on the laws of physics to understand the natural world; data collected from lab experiments and/or field experiments are often used in computer models.

What types of research contributed to the analysis of ship tracks? Explain your response in one to two sentences.

8+ sunlight over time (increasing albedo), and orange areas denote less reflection (lower albedo). Taken across the planet, no significant global trend appears. Global albedo rose and fell in different years, but did not necessarily head in either direction for long. Some regional patterns emerge, however.12 Change in Bafety Figure 4.7: Changes to Earth's Albedo b March 1, 2000 and December 31, 2011. March 1, 2000 and December 31, 2011.13 18. Refer to Figure 4.7. a. In two to three sentences, describe how Earth's albedo changed. In your response, be sure to identify specific places on the planet that experienced increasing or decreasing reflectivity. b. Use Your Critical Thinking Skills: List the factors that might explain why there are regional differences in albedo. CERES and other satellite instruments