Here is a summary of the major points about parametric and nonparametric tests and how they might affect the statistical analyses a PhD researcher performs with the study data.

As you review these points, which one is not true:

The parametric assumption of normality is not worrisome for small sample sizes (n < 30).

If a researcher determines that the assumptions of the parametric procedure are not valid, they use an analogous nonparametric procedure instead

If the data deviate strongly from the assumptions of a parametric procedure, using the parametric procedure could lead to incorrect conclusions.