High Quang To FORTRAN ge Lesson Plan 0 RD or SP - is the stack pointer used to keep track of a call stack . RE or PS - Processor Status bits indicate instruction result statuses RF or IR - the Instruction Register contains the current instruction Main memory or RAM (Random Access Memory) has the following segments: o Operating System (O/S) Area - contains interrupt vectors for I/O User Code Area - the user's machine instructions (program) o Process Control Block - information the 0/5 needs to manage a process Heap - memory area where dynamically allocated memory is kept o Stack - memory area where local variables (activation records) are kept 1/0 (Input/Output) Unit - connects peripheral devices to the computer BUS o Control Bus - used by CPU to synchronize communications within computer o Address Bus - used to specify the physical address of memory Data Bus transfer data between memory and other parts of computer The control unit performs the fetch/execute cycle: START Fetch/Execute Cycle No PC Starting Address IRA Halt Decode & Execute IR IR PC++ STOP Yes Machine language is the lowest level of programming. Each machine instruction has a numeric opcode or operation code specifying the operation to perform and 0, 1 or 2 operands that are the data needed by the operation. Assembly language is closely related to machine language, but uses mnemonic opcodes and operands instead of numeric codes, An assembler translates assembly language programs to machine language. What to Do 1. How much memory is addressable on a 12 bit address bus? 2. What is the range of 2's complement integers on a 12 bit data bus? 3. Access the FALCON virtual machine at https://sit.cna-gatar.edu.ga/cp1050/falcon/ 4. Write your name and student ID on lines 2 and 3 after the exclamation marks 5. Enter the following assembly language code .CODE LOAD @#RED The Computer Level Hierarchy ADD @#BLUE SAVE @#COLOR OUT.N HALT . DATA : RED .NUM #0x31F : BLUE .NUM #Ox78B :COLOR BLOCK #1 .END Lawle Une Level Assembly LANG Le syste Level 2 Machine Contre Level Data Logo Executii An Cut FORTIBAN e Away Code Semiya tourya Introw Set Actor ' order or Her Gheo 6. Assemble the code and run the code 7. What are the values of the PC and AC registers when the program halts? A10_Architecture_Assembly_Language_s CP1050 Page 2 of 2 High Quang To FORTRAN ge Lesson Plan 0 RD or SP - is the stack pointer used to keep track of a call stack . RE or PS - Processor Status bits indicate instruction result statuses RF or IR - the Instruction Register contains the current instruction Main memory or RAM (Random Access Memory) has the following segments: o Operating System (O/S) Area - contains interrupt vectors for I/O User Code Area - the user's machine instructions (program) o Process Control Block - information the 0/5 needs to manage a process Heap - memory area where dynamically allocated memory is kept o Stack - memory area where local variables (activation records) are kept 1/0 (Input/Output) Unit - connects peripheral devices to the computer BUS o Control Bus - used by CPU to synchronize communications within computer o Address Bus - used to specify the physical address of memory Data Bus transfer data between memory and other parts of computer The control unit performs the fetch/execute cycle: START Fetch/Execute Cycle No PC Starting Address IRA Halt Decode & Execute IR IR PC++ STOP Yes Machine language is the lowest level of programming. Each machine instruction has a numeric opcode or operation code specifying the operation to perform and 0, 1 or 2 operands that are the data needed by the operation. Assembly language is closely related to machine language, but uses mnemonic opcodes and operands instead of numeric codes, An assembler translates assembly language programs to machine language. What to Do 1. How much memory is addressable on a 12 bit address bus? 2. What is the range of 2's complement integers on a 12 bit data bus? 3. Access the FALCON virtual machine at https://sit.cna-gatar.edu.ga/cp1050/falcon/ 4. Write your name and student ID on lines 2 and 3 after the exclamation marks 5. Enter the following assembly language code .CODE LOAD @#RED The Computer Level Hierarchy ADD @#BLUE SAVE @#COLOR OUT.N HALT . DATA : RED .NUM #0x31F : BLUE .NUM #Ox78B :COLOR BLOCK #1 .END Lawle Une Level Assembly LANG Le syste Level 2 Machine Contre Level Data Logo Executii An Cut FORTIBAN e Away Code Semiya tourya Introw Set Actor ' order or Her Gheo 6. Assemble the code and run the code 7. What are the values of the PC and AC registers when the program halts? A10_Architecture_Assembly_Language_s CP1050 Page 2 of 2
