Hoosier Technology, Inc. is a producer of digital rearview mirrors. Its current line of mirrors are selling excellently. However, in order to cope with the foreseeable competition from other similar products, HT spent $5,000,000 to develop a new line of digital full display rearview mirrors (new model development cost). The new rearview mirror includes a video screen placed under the mirror's glass. The video recorder can help protect the driver-user after a crash and keep track of what the passengers do inside the vehicle. The recorder can be used to replace the clunky dashcam that usually blocks at least partial forward visibility. As the system is built into the mirror housing, the new mirror model looks just like any other rearview mirror. The system allows its user to download files from the mirror-integrated DVR simply through a smartphone app. The recording function of the system is able to capture various traffic incidents (from road scenes to wrecks) and shoot videos ahead of and behind the user's vehicle. It will provide helpful evidence on who has actually caused a crash in case the driver-user is not at fault but blamed for causing the crash. The system is compatible with Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. It also comes with audio recording capability that can be triggered by an internal shock sensor. The sensor will enable the system to automatically start recording if someone backs into the user's vehicle while it is parked. As such, the perpetrators license-plate number can be taken for possible charges subsequently filed. The model is expected to be globally available on more than 100 vehicle models made by 10 different automobile manufacturers. The company had also spent a further $1,050,000 to study the marketability of this new line of mirror model (marketability studying cost). HT is able to produce the new digital full display rearview mirrors at a variable cost of $100 each. The total fixed costs for the operation are expected to be $8,000,000 per year. HT expects to sell 3,100,000 units, 4,200,000 units, 3,250,000 units, 2,150,000 units and 900,000 units of the new mirror model per year over the next five years respectively. The new mirrors will be selling at a price of $130 each. To launch this new line of production, HT needs to invest $33,000,000 in equipment which will be depreciated on a seven-year MACRS schedule. The value of the used equipment is expected to be worth $6,500,000 as at the end of the 5 year project life. HT is planning to stop producing the existing mirror model entirely in two years. Should HT not introduce the new mirrors, sales per year of the existing mirror model will be 2,500,000 units and 1,500,000 units for the next two years respectively. The existing model can be produced at variable costs of $70 each and total fixed costs of $7,500,000 per year. The existing mirror model is selling for $105 per mirror. If HT produces the new mirror model, sales of existing model will be eroded by 1,500,000 units for next year and 1,275,000 units for the year after next. In addition, to promote sales of the existing model alongside with the new mirror model, HT has to reduce the price of the existing model to $90 each. Net working capital for the new mirror project will be 20 percent of sales and will vary with the occurrence of the cash flows. As such, there will be no initial NWC required. The first change in NWC is expected to occur in year 1 according to the sales of the year. HT is currently in the tax bracket of 35 percent and it requires a 17 percent returns on all of its projects. The firm also requires a payback of 3 years for all projects.

You have just been hired by HT as a financial consultant to advise them on this new digital full display rearview mirror project. You are expected to provide answers to the following questions to their management by their next meeting which is scheduled sometime next month. What is/are the sunk cost(s) for this new digital full display rearview mirror project? Briefly explain. You have to tell what sunk cost is and the amount of the total sunk cost(s). In addition, you have to advise HT on how to handle such cost(s). What are the cash flows of the project for each year? What is the payback period of the project? What is the PI (profitability index) of the project? What is the IRR (internal rate of return) of the project? What is the NPV (net present value) of the project? Should the project be accepted based on Payback, PI, IRR and NPV? Briefly explain.

The following steps will walk you through on how you should do your calculations for this case study. You follow the instructions and provide your responses accordingly.

Please enter ALL the dollar amounts (including cash flows) below in whole numbers.

Estimation of sunk costs

Provide below the amounts of the sunk costs you identified from the case description above.

1st sunk cost: $ being cost (Use exactly the same wording as in the case background information.)

2nd sunk cost: $ being cost (Use exactly the same wording as in the case background information.)

Total sunk costs = $

Net Sales Estimation: Use the formula stated below to calculate the net sales.

Year t Net Sales

=Unit sales of new model for Year t Price of new model

Reduction in unit sales of existing model for Year t Current price of existing model

[(Unit sales of existing model for Year t if new model project is not launched Reduction in unit sales of existing model if new model project is launched) (Current price of existing model Reduced price of existing model)]

Year 1 Net Sales

= $ $

( ) ($ $ )

= $

Year 2 Net Sales

= $ $

( ) ($ $ )

= $

Year 3 Net Sales = $

Year 4 Net Sales = $

Year 5 Net Sales = $

Variable Cost Estimation: Use the formula stated below to calculate the variable costs.

Year t Variable costs

= Unit sales of new model for Year t Variable cost per unit of new model

Reduction in unit sales of existing model for Year t Variable cost per unit of existing model

Year 1 Variable costs

= $ $

=$

Year 2 Variable costs

= $ $

=$

Year 3 Variable costs =$

Year 4 Variable costs =$

Year 5 Variable costs =$

Depreciation Estimation: Use the formula stated below to calculate the depreciation expenses.

Depreciation of Year t = Cost of equipment MACRS percentage for Year t

[For all MACRS percentages in this part, enter as a decimal number with 4 decimal places.]

Depreciation of Year 1 = $ =$

Depreciation of Year 2 = $ =$

Depreciation of Year 3 = $ =$

Depreciation of Year 4 = $ =$

Depreciation of Year 5 = $ =$

Net Working Capital Estimation: Use the formula stated below to calculate the net working capital requirements.

NWC for Year t = NWC Required Percentage Net sales of Year t

[For the NWC required percentage in this part, enter as a decimal number with 2 decimal places.]

NWC for Year 1 = $ =$

NWC for Year 2 = $ =$

NWC for Year 3 = $ =$

NWC for Year 4 = $ =$

NWC for Year 5 = $

CASH FLOW ESTIMATION: Complete the following table below.

	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3	Year 4	Year 5
Sales	$	$	$	$	$
VC	$	$	$	$	$
Fixed costs	$	$	$	$	$
Dep	$	$	$	$	$
EBT	$	$	$	$	$
Taxes (35%)	$	$	$	$	$
NI	$	$	$	$	$
+ Dep	$	$	$	$	$
OCF	$	$	$	$	$
NWC
Beg	$	$	$	$	$
End	$	$	$	$	$
NWC CF	$	$	$	$	$
NCF	$	$	$	$	$

Estimation of total Year 5 cash flow: Provide your responses to the following.

At the end of the project's 5-year life,

Accumulated depreciation of equipment = $

Book value of equipment = $

Market value of equipment = $

Tax associated with sale of equipment = $ [Enter as a positive number if tax liability or as a negative number if tax credit.]

CF on sale of equipment = $

Total Year 5 cash flow = $

Hint : Net CF (Net cash flow) = OCF (Operating cash flow) + NWC CF (Net working capital cash flow)

Year 1 through Year 4 cash flow = Net CF of the individual years.

Year 5 cash flow = Net CF of Year 5 + CF on sales of equipment.

Evaluation of Project: Fill out the following tables.

Year	Cash flow
0	$
1	$
2	$
3	$
4	$
5	$

(Do not round your calculations. Round your answers below to the number of decimal places specified.)

Evaluation Method
Payback	years (2 decimal places)
PI (Profitability Index)	(2 decimal places)
IRR (Internal Rate of Return)	% (2 decimal places)
NPV (Net Present Value)	$ (whole number with no decimal place)

(Enter "999" for Payback if the project will not payback. The "999" you provided does not mean that the project takes 999 years to payback. It is just that you tell the system that the project will not payback.)