Question
How are free cash flow and the weighted average cost of capital calculated? Please forecast and discount the free cash flows to estimate the value
How are free cash flow and the weighted average cost of capital calculated? Please forecast and discount the free cash flows to estimate the value of PCP.
Berkshire Hathaway's cost of equity was 9.2%, which reflected a beta of 0.90, an expected market return of 9.90%, and a risk-free rate of 2.89%. The yield on corporate bonds rated A.A was 3.95% - and after a 39% expected marginal tax rate, the cost of debt would be 2.3%. Weights of capital were 16.9% for debt and 83.1% for equity. In contrast, the beta for PCP was 0.38. Analysts expected that PCP's cash flows would grow indefinitely at about the long-term expected real growth rate of the U.S. economy, 2.5%.
Exhibit 9 | |||
Warren E. Buffett, 2015 | |||
PCP Consolidated Financial Statements | |||
(In millions, except per share data, unless otherwise specified) | 12 months ending March 31 | ||
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | |
Revenue | $8,347 | $9,533 | $10,005 |
Operating expenses1 | 6,188 | 6,874 | 7,393 |
Income from operations | 2,159 | 2,659 | 2,612 |
Net interest expense | 31 | 71 | 65 |
Income before income tax expense | 2,128 | 2,588 | 2,547 |
Income tax expense | 695 | 830 | 816 |
Consolidated net income from continuing operations2 | $1,433 | $1,758 | $1,731 |
12 months ending March 31 | |||
(In millions, except per share data, unless otherwise specified) | 2014 | 2015 | |
Assets: | |||
Current assets | $5,507 | $5,972 | |
Net property, plant and equipment | 2,300 | 2,474 | |
Other assets | 10,779 | 10,982 | |
Total assets | $18,586 | $19,428 | |
Liabilities & Shareholder Equity: | |||
Current liabilities | $1,608 | $2,827 | |
Long-term debt | 3,569 | 3,493 | |
Pension obligation | 442 | 678 | |
Other long-term liabilities | 1,554 | 1,473 | |
Total liabilities | 7,173 | 8,471 | |
Shareholders' equity3 | 11,413 | 10,957 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders equity | $18,586 | $19,428 | |
*Note: Fiscal year ends March 31. Period listed as 2015 represents March 31, 2014, to March 31, 2015. | |||
12 months ending March 31 | |||
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | |
Supplemental: | |||
Depreciation & amortization | $215 | $293 | $325 |
Capital expenditures1 | $323 | $355 | $457 |
Net working capital2 | $3,368 | $3,899 | $3,145 |
Increase in net working capital (decrease) | $653 | $531 | ($754) |
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