How can you tell when you're trying to solve for these for finance questions?

Present Value with Compound Interest

Future Value of an Annuity

Amortization'

Sinking Fund

Present Value of an Annuity.

for example-

In the question, "Right Wash is a washateria that has realized they will need to replace 7 dryers in a year. They deposit $7700 in an account that earns 1.65% per year compounded quarterly. How much will they have toward the purchase of the dryers at the end of 1 year period?"

we are finding future value with compound interest, but how do we know that? What type of questions do the other terms have?