How to achieve this function? (Pointed out by red line)

When we type anything except integer, the sys would show: "Must be an integer"

The code is also showing below in text.

import random

from sqlite3 import IntegrityError

from tkinter.tix import INTEGER

class TicTacToe:

def __init__(self): # Use as is

""" initializes data fields (board and played)

and prints the banner messages

and prints the initial board on the screen

"""

self.board = [' '] * 9 # A list of 9 strings, one for each cell,

# will contain ' ' or 'X' or 'O'

self.played = set() # Set (of cell num) already played: to keep track of the played cells

print("Welcome to Tic-Tac-Toe!")

print("You play X (first move) and computer plays O.")

print("Computer plays randomly, not strategically.")

self.printBoard()

def printBoard(self) -> None:

""" prints the board on the screen based on the values in the self.board data field """

print() # Print the top blank line

# Print the rows 1-3

# this is the first row

print(self.board[0] + " | " + self.board[1] + " | " + self.board[2])

# first row border

print("--+---+--")

# second row

print(self.board[3] + " | " + self.board[4] + " | " + self.board[5])

# second row border

print("--+---+--")

# third row

print(self.board[6] + " | " + self.board[7] + " | " + self.board[8])

# third row border

print()

def playerNextMove(self) -> None:

""" prompts the player for a valid cell number;

error checks that the input is a valid cell number;

and prints the info and the updated self.board;

"""

# Prompt the player for a cell number using input()

while True: # Using infinite loop

try: # Using try and except to check if the input is a valid cell number

cell = int(input("> Next move for X (state a vaild cell num): ")) # Prompt the player for a cell number using input()

if cell 8: # Check if the input is a valid cell number

raise ValueError # If the input is not a valid cell number, raise a ValueError

if cell in self.played: # Check if the input is a valid cell number

raise ValueError # If the input is not a valid cell number, raise a ValueError

self.board[cell] = 'X' # If the input is a valid cell number, update the board

self.played.add(cell) # Add the input to the played set

self.printBoard() # Print the updated board

break # Break out of the loop

except ValueError: # If the input is not a valid cell number, print an error message

print("Must enter a valid cell number") # Print an error message

continue # Continue the loop

def computerNextMove(self) -> None:

""" computer randomly chooses a valid cell,

and prints the info and the updated self.board

"""

while True: # using infinite Loop

cell = random.randint(0, 8) # Generate a random number between 0 and 8

if cell in self.played: # Check if the input is a valid cell number

continue # If the input is not a valid cell number, continue the loop

self.board[cell] = 'O' # If the input is a valid cell number, update the board

self.played.add(cell) # Add the input to the played set

self.printBoard() # Print the updated board

break # Break out of the loop

def hasWon(self, who: str) -> bool:

""" returns True if who (being passed 'X' or 'O') has won, False otherwise """

# Check rows

if self.board[0] == 'X' and self.board[1] == 'X' and self.board[2] == 'X': # Check row 1

return True # Return True if the row is won

if self.board[3] == 'X' and self.board[4] == 'X' and self.board[5] == 'X': # Check row 2

return True # Return True if the row is won

if self.board[6] == 'X' and self.board[7] == 'X' and self.board[8] == 'X': # Check row 3

return True # Return True if the row is won

if self.board[0] == 'X' and self.board[3] == 'X' and self.board[6] == 'X': # Check column 1

return True # Return True if the column is won

if self.board[1] == 'X' and self.board[4] == 'X' and self.board[7] == 'X': # Check column 2

return True # Return True if the column is won

if self.board[2] == 'X' and self.board[5] == 'X' and self.board[8] == 'X': # Check column 3

return True # Return True if the column is won

if self.board[0] == 'X' and self.board[4] == 'X' and self.board[8] == 'X': # Check diagonal 1

return True # Return True if the diagonal is won

if self.board[2] == 'X' and self.board[4] == 'X' and self.board[6] == 'X': # Check diagonal 2

return True

else:

return False # Return False if the diagonal is not won

def hasLost(self, who: str) -> bool:

""" returns True if computer (playing 'O') has won, False otherwise """

# Check rows

if self.board[0] == 'O' and self.board[1] == 'O' and self.board[2] == 'O': # Check row 1

return True # Return True if the row is lost

if self.board[3] == 'O' and self.board[4] == 'O' and self.board[5] == 'O': # Check row 2

return True # Return True if the row is lost

if self.board[6] == 'O' and self.board[7] == 'O' and self.board[8] == 'O': # Check row 3

return True # Return True if the row is lost

if self.board[0] == 'O' and self.board[3] == 'O' and self.board[6] == 'O': # Check column 1

return True # Return True if the column is lost

if self.board[1] == 'O' and self.board[4] == 'O' and self.board[7] == 'O': # Check column 2

return True # Return True if the column is lost

if self.board[2] == 'O' and self.board[5] == 'O' and self.board[8] == 'O': # Check column 3

return True # Return True if the column is lost

if self.board[0] == 'O' and self.board[4] == 'O' and self.board[8] == 'O': # Check diagonal 1

return True # Return True if the diagonal is lost

if self.board[2] == 'O' and self.board[4] == 'O' and self.board[6] == 'O': # Check diagonal 2

return True

else:

return False # Return False if the diagonal is not lost

def terminate(self, who: str) -> bool:

""" returns True if who (being passed 'X' or 'O') has won or if it's a draw, False otherwise;

it also prints the final messages:

"You won! Thanks for playing." or

"You lost! Thanks for playing." or

"A draw! Thanks for playing."

"""

if self.hasWon(who): # Check if the player has won

print("You won! Thanks for playing.") # Print the message

return True # Return True if the player has won

if self.hasLost(who):

print("You lost! Thanks for playing.")

return True

if len(self.played) == 9: # Check if the game is a draw

print("A draw! Thanks for playing.") # Print the message

return True # Return True if the game is a draw

return False # Return False if the game is not a draw or won

if __name__ == "__main__": # Use as is

ttt = TicTacToe() # initialize a game

while True:

ttt.playerNextMove() # X starts first

if (ttt.terminate('X')): break # if X won or a draw, print message and terminate

ttt.computerNextMove() # computer plays O

if (ttt.terminate('O')): break # if O won or a draw, print message and terminate

Welcome to Tic-Tac-Toe! You play X (first move) and computer plays 0. Computer plays randomly, not strategically. 0 | 1 | 2 --+---+-- 1 3 | 4 | 5 --+---+-- 6 | 7 | 8 > Next move for X (state a valid cell num): The move is stated by the number of a valid cell. If the number is not valid (already taken, or not between 0 and 8) or if it is not a number, the game should display the error message (as shown) and repeat asking for the next move. > Next move for x (state a valid cell num) Must be an integer > Next move for X (state a valid cell num): 13 Must enter a valid cell number > Next move for X (state a valid cell num): 4 You chose cell 4 0 | 1 | 2 +---+- --+---+-- 3 | 4 | 5 --+---+-- 6 | 7 | 8 Computer chose cell 5 xo 0 | 1 | 2 --+---+-- | 4 | 5 --+---+-- 6 | 7 | 8 > Next move for X (state a valid cell num): 1 # End of printBoardo 6 7 def playerNextMove(self) -> None: prompts the player for a valid cell number; error checks that the input is a valid cell number; and prints the info and the updated self.board; 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3 # Prompt the player for a cell number using input() while True: # Using infinite loop try: # Using try and except to check if the input is a valid cell number cell = int(input("> Next move for X (state a vaild cell num): ")) # Prompt the player for a cell number using input() if cell 8: # Check if the input is a valid cell number raise ValueError # If the input is not a valid cell number, raise a ValueError if cell in self.played: # Check if the input is a valid cell number raise ValueError # If the input is not a valid cell number, raise a ValueError self.board[cell] = 'X' # If the input is a valid cell number, update the board self.played.add(cell) # Add the input to the played set self.printBoard() # Print the updated board break # Break out of the loop except ValueError: # If the input is not a valid cell number, print an error message print("Must enter a valid cell number") # Print an error message continue # Continue the loop 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 def computer NextMove(self) -> None: computer randomly chooses a alid cell, and prints the info and the updated self.board HER 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3 while True: # using infinite Loop cell = random.randint(0, 8) # Generate a random number between 0 and 8 if cell in self.played: # Check if the input is a valid cell number continue # If the input is not a valid cell number, continue the loop self.board[cell] = '0' # If the input is a valid cell number, update the board self.played.add(cell) # Add the input to the played set self.printBoard() # Print the updated board break # Break out of the loop