How were the income before tax and income after tax?

I as well would like to know how retained earnings was calculated?

Amount(s) Amount($) $574,750 $2,610 $10,000 $562,140 $336,160 $225,980 Particulars Sales Less: Sales discount Sales discount Net Sales Cost of Goods sold Gross Margin Operating Expense Rent expense Supplies expense Interest expense Insurance expense Bad debt expense Depreciation expense Total Operating Expense Other Revenue & expenses Rent Income Net income Before tax Income Tax Expense Net Income $500 $1150 $12,200 $3,075 $899 $77,382 $95,206 $2000 $132,774 $46,121 $86,653 Step 2 of 4, Statement of Retained Earnings Retained Earning, begining balance 95,937 Add:Net income $86,653 Retained Earning, ending balance $182,590