Hrubec Products Inc. operates a Pulp Division that manufactures wood pulp for use in the production of various paper goods. Revenue and costs associated with a tonne of pulp follow:

Selling price			$	70
Expenses:
Variable	$	42
Fixed (based on a capacity of 50,000 tonnes per year)		18		60
Operating income			$	10

Hrubec Products has just acquired a small company that manufactures paper cartons. Hrubec plans to treat its newly acquired Carton Division as a profit centre. The manager of the Carton Division is currently purchasing 5,000 tonnes of pulp per year from a supplier at a cost of $63 per tonne. Hrubecs president is anxious for the Carton Division to begin purchasing its pulp from the Pulp Division if the managers of the two divisions can negotiate an acceptable transfer price.

Required:

For (1) and (2) below, assume the Pulp Division can sell all of its pulp to outside customers for $70 per tonne.

1. What is the Pulp Division's lowest acceptable transfer price? What is the Carton Division's highest acceptable transfer price? What is the range of acceptable transfer prices (if any) between the two divisions? Are the managers of the Carton and Pulp Divisions likely to voluntarily agree to a transfer price for 5,000 tonnes of pulp next year?

2. If the Pulp Division meets the price that the Carton Division is currently paying to its supplier and sells 5,000 tonnes of pulp to the Carton Division each year, what will be the effect on the profits of the Pulp Division, the Carton Division, and the company as a whole?

For (3)(6) below, assume that the Pulp Division is currently selling only 30,000 tonnes of pulp each year to outside customers at the stated $70 price.

3. What is the Pulp Division's lowest acceptable transfer price? What is the Carton Division's highest acceptable transfer price? What is the range of acceptable transfer prices (if any) between the two divisions? Are the managers of the Carton and Pulp Divisions likely to voluntarily agree to a transfer price for 5,000 tonnes of pulp next year?

4-a. Suppose the Carton Divisions outside supplier drops its price to only $59 per tonne. Should the Pulp Division meet this price?

4-b. If the Pulp Division does not meet the $59 price, what will be the effect on the profits of the company as a whole?

5. Refer to (4) above. If the Pulp Division refuses to meet the $59 price, should the Carton Division be required to purchase from the Pulp Division at a higher price for the good of the company as a whole?

6. Refer to (4) above. Assume that due to inflexible management policies, the Carton Division is required to purchase 5,000 tonnes of pulp each year from the Pulp Division at $70 per tonne. What will be the effect on the profits of the company as a whole?