I need information about the USA Patriot ACT

a)History

a)When, why, and by whom was it established, passed, etc

.b)What is/was its primary purpose(s)

b)Scope

a)Who is it for; Who does it apply to

b)What are the circumstances under which it applies/matters

c)Elements & Exceptions

a)Specifically, what are the details of the association, regulation, standard, framework or law

b)What are the exceptions (if any)