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5. Explain how infestations are controlled in GAC beds. 6. What factors affect disinfection? Explain how one of the factors identified may affect disinfection. 7. A water sample taken from Volta River has alkalinity of 185 mg/L as CaCO3. The Ca2+ concentration is 133 mg/L as ion, and the Mg2+ concentration is 65 mg/L as the ion. The pH is 8.1. a. What is the total, carbonate and non-carbonate hardness? b. Draw the hardness bar chart for the composition of the river