I. Rule of 72 Use the Rule of 72 to answer Questions 1-4. Remember to show all steps in your work, not just the answer. 1. You invest $5,000 for 12 years and earn 6% per year. What is your approximate future value ? Solve, using the Rule of 72. 5,000 * (1 + 0.06)^12 = 10, 060.98 2. After earning 9% on your investment for the past 32 years, your account value is now $320,000. How much did you invest 32 years ago in order to have achieved this $320,000 account value ? Solve for present value, using the Rule of 72. 320000=(x)(1.09)32 x = 320000/15.7633 x = $20,300.30 is the investment made 32 years ago Now, the rule of 72 simply means that it takes 72 years for an amount to double Here, we see that only 32 years passed, so we can multiply the amount by (1 + 32/72)(20,300.30) = $29,322.66 3. Your $5,000 investment into World Growth Fund has grown to $40,000. The Fund has returned, on average, 8% per year. For how many years have you been in the Fund ? Solve for time, using the Rule of 72. 40,000=(5,00)(1.08)x 8,000 = 1.08x ln(8,000)/ln(1.08) = x = 117 years 4. A Ford Mustang which sold for $4,000 in 1969 costs $32,000 today. By what average rate has the Mustang's cost been inflating ? Solve for rate, using the Rule of 72. Section II. Using TVM Tables Using TVM tables such as those found in your text's appendix, calculate the following values. Show the formula you are using, and cite the appropriate factor. 5. What is the fv of $1 compounding for 10 years @ 8% ? 6. What is the pv of $10,000 discounted for 20 years at 6% ? $344,097.64 7. What is the present value of an annuity (pva) that will pay you $20,000 every year for the next 10 years ? Assume an 8% rate. 8. Calculate the fv of a 401-k into which you invest $5,000 per year for the next 30 years. Assume a 7% average annual rate of return on your investments. Section III. Case Problems For the following case problems, show all your work: factors, formulas, diagrams, etc. No credit will be given for answers without your showing all the steps you've taken to arrive at your solutions. To compute your work, you may use tvm tables, excel, or financial calculators- your choice. Case Problem 1: Create and submit an income statement and a balance sheet for Hitchcock Productions. Then, answer the questions that follow. Assume a 30% tax rate for Hitchcock. Cash...512 Depreciation...85 Cost of Goods Sold...128 Accounts Receivable...700 Sales...689 Interest Paid on Bonds...86 Long-term Debt...847 Net Plant & Equipment...1776 Inventory...301 Accounts Payable...540 Dividends Paid...57 Notes Payable...144 9. What is Hitchcock's net income ? 10. What is Hitchcock's Owners' Equity ? 11. What is Hitchcock's Operating Cash Flow ? 12. What is the quick ratio for Hitchcock ? 13. What is Hitchcock's profit margin ? Case Problem II. Heinz Corporation bonds carry a coupon of 8% and will mature in 5 years at $1,000. Newly issued 5-year bonds with similar characteristics are yielding 4%. Calculate today's market price of the Heinz bond. Compute your answer, submit all your work, then answer the following questions. 14. What is the discount rate you used in your work ? 15. What is the annual interest in dollars paid by the Heinz bond ? 16. What is the pv of the yearly bond interest that the Heinz bond pays ? Could this yearly bond interest be computed as an annuity ? Why,or why not ? 17.What is the present value of the principal of the Heinz bond ? 18, What is the total present value of the Heinz bond- interest plus principal ? Case Problem III. Wall Street is forecasting yearly dividends for FNC as follows: $1.00 (Year 1); $1.50 (year 2); $2.00 (Year 3); $3.00 (Year 4). The consensus estimate is that FNC shares will trade at $80 in four years. If the required return on the stock is 9%, calculate the value of FNC stock today. Show and submit all your work, then answer the following questions. 19. What is the discount rate you used in your work ? 20. Could the yearly FNC dividends be computed as an annuity ? Why, or why not ? 21. What is the total pv of the four yearly dividends ? 22. What is the pv of the forecasted share price ? 23. What is the total value of FNC today (pv of four dividends plus pv of forecasted share price) ? Case Problem IV. Madison Bakery is considering the installation of a new oven. Made in Milan, the oven would enable Madison to produce Old World breads which could be sold at premium prices. Costs are estimated as follows: Milano Oven...$1,150,000 Building Improvements...$650,000 Additions to Working Capital...$100,000 Madison Bakery's WACC is 7% and its tax rate is 30%. Assume straight-line depreciation, and a five-year life for the oven with no salvage value. EBIT estimates are as follows: $150,000 (Year 1); $175,000 (Year 2); $200,000 (Year 3); $225,000 (Year 4); $250,000 (Year 5). Draw and submit a time line, including EBIT, taxes, depreciation, operating cash flow, tvm factors, and discounted cash flow. 24. Is the "addition to working capital" a depreciable item ? Why, or why not ? 25. What is the project's present value ? 26. What is the project's NPV ? 27. What is the Payback Period, in years, using non-discounted operating cash flows ? 28. Based on your work, should Madison Bakery proceed with this proposed oven ? Briefly cite why, or why not. Case Problem V. Chatham Craft's capital structure consists of $30 million of debt and $90 million of equity. The Company's CFO has provided the following data: interest rate on debt is 8%; the Company's tax bracket is 30%; the current stock dividend is $2.00; the expected dividend growth rate is 8%; the current stock price is $40. After submitting all your work, including formulas and calculations, answer the following questions. 29. What is Chatham's after-tax cost of debt ? 30. What is Chatham's cost of equity ? 31. What are the weightings of debt and equity ? 32. What is the WACC ? 33. If the proportion (weighting) of equity in Chatham's cap structure were to increase and the proportion of debt were to decrease, what would happen to the Company's WACC? Briefly explain why. Section IV. True/False Questions For the following, indicate whether the statement is true or false. Show the question number, and then write True or False. Example: Q51. True 34. XYZ Corporation's cost of debt is less than its cost of equity. Therefore, XYZ should continue to issue more debt (instead of equity) in order to finance proposed capital projects. 35. The current ratio is a less strict evaluation of liquidity than the quick ratio. 36. For US corporations, the cost of debt is always less than the cost of equity. 37. A credit facility refers to the lending institution that provides corporate financing. 38. The present value of cash cannot be determined. 39. For any present value factor .abcd, the corresponding future value factor (for the same number of periods and at the same rate) would be .abcd divided by the number of years. 40. As the cost of capital increases, the NPV rule becomes more difficult to fulfill. 41. Book value is not necessarily a measure of how much an asset is worth today. 42. Annuity tables can be used when payments vary from year to year. 43. If an investment appreciates 100% in 10 years, its compound growth rate is approximately 10% per year. 44. Sarbanes Oxley legislation is relatively cost-free to implement. 45. Boeing's cash cycle is very long because of the time required to manufacture aircraft. 46. Stock dividends and bond interest payments are both legal obligations of the corporation. 47. The NPV is always a positive number because you cannot discount a future value to a pv less than zero. 48. Start-up tech companies generaly issue debt because their cost of equity is too high. 49. A dollar received today is worth more than a dollar to be received tomorrow. 50. CFO's are concerned with three major management topics: capital budgeting, capital structure, and capital maximization