I. Run following commands in bash and record your output in provided space.

1. echo Displays a line of text. $ echo Hello World ______________________________________________________________________

$ echo Hello World ______________________________________________________________________

$ echo e Hello World ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

2. man an interface to on-line reference manuals

$ man echo ______________________________________________________________________

3. pwd print name of current/working directory

$ pwd ______________________________________________________________________

4. date print or set the system date

$ date ______________________________________________________________________

$ date R ______________________________________________________________________

5. ls list directory contents $ ls ______________________________________________________________________

$ ls -l ______________________________________________________________________

$ ls -alg ______________________________________________________________________

6. which shows full path of a command $ which echo ______________________________________________________________________
7. whereis locate the binary, source and manual files of a command

$ whereis echo ______________________________________________________________________

8. file determine the file type

$ file

______________________________________________________________________

9.alias short cut command to a longer command $l ______________________________________________________________________

$ alias l=ls -alg" $l ______________________________________________________________________

$ unalias l $l ______________________________________________________________________

10. ln creates hard or soft (symlink) links to a file $ ln s /usr/bin test $ ls alg test ______________________________________________________________________

11. wget non-interactive download of files from the web $ wget https://www.w3.org/TR/PNG/iso_8859-1.txt $ ls l iso_8859-1.txt ______________________________________________________________________

12. wc count and print the lines, words and bytes for given file(s) $ wc iso_8859-1.txt ______________________________________________________________________

13. Pipes ( | ) channel output of one program to input of another. This allows programs to be chained together and run concurrently $ echo Hello World | wc ___________________________________________________________________