If history is not to repeat itself, managers must learn from the case studies of the past. Recently,

Wells Fargo bank admitted to creating more than 3.5 million unauthorized accounts or credit

cards.

A. Describe the "costs" to Wells Fargo of this scandal.

B. What steps has Wells Fargo taken to prevent a repetition of the events that

resulted in creating the unauthorized accounts and credit cards?

C. Should Wells Fargo have foreseen the possibility that their organizational

architecture could bring about this result?