If the amount paid by an investor (parent) is less than the proportional total of the estimated fair value of investee's (subsidiary's) assets acquired and liabilities assumed, the difference is recorded as

a. Negative goodwill in the balance sheet of the investor.

b. Gain from a bargain purchase in the income statement of the investor.

c. Gain from a bargain purchase in the income statement of the investee.

d. Allocated as a reduction to each of the asset and liability accounts when applying consolidation accounting by the investor.