If we assume that the conditions for correlation are met, which of the following are true? If false, explain briefly.

a) A correlation of 0.02 indicates a strong positive association.

b) Standardizing the variables will make the correlation 0.

c) Adding an outlier can dramatically change the correlation.

a) Choose the correct answer below.

A. The statement is false. A correlation of 0.02 indicates that there may be no linear association between the variables.

B.

The statement is true.

C.

The statement is false. A correlation of 0.02 indicates that there is a strong negative association between the variables.

D.

The statement is false. The correlation coefficient cannot measure the strength or direction of the association between two variables.

b) Choose the correcy answer below.

A. The statement is false. Standardizing the variables will result in a correlation of either 1 or

1, depending on the direction of the association between the two variables.

B.

The statement is true.

C.

The statement is false. Changing the units of one or both of the variables (or in this case, removing the units by standardizing the variable) will not affect the value of the correlation between those variables.

D.

The statement is false. Standardizing the variables will switch the sign of the correlation coefficient. This will only result in a correlation of 0 if the correlation was 0 before the variables were standardized.

c) Choose the correct answer below.

A. The statement is false. Adding an outlier will not change the correlation coefficient.

B. The statement is false. Adding an outlier will always change the correlation to either 1 or

1, depending on the direction of the association between the two variables.

C. The statement is false. Adding an outlier will always change the correlation to 0, so if the correlation was weak before adding the outlier, this could result in no change to the correlation or almost no change to the correlation.

D. The statement is true.