immigration law

21. What are the two cornerstones to the traditional structure of the executive branch? a) Accountability of the minister to the public and sheltering the civil service from political pressure b) Accountability of the minister to the public and transparency in the civil service c) Transparency in the civil service and fair remuneration d) Sheltering the civil service from political pressure and separation of functions 22. If a person is successful in arguing his s. 7 Charter rights have been infringed, what will be the outcome? a) If the government can justify the extent to which the law infringes a right or freedom guaranteed by the Charter, the courts will consider the law to be valid b) If the government cannot justify the infringement, the law will not be binding on the person whose right or freedom it infringes c) If the government cannot justify the infringement, the law will not be binding on any person and must be rewritten d) The government will have to pay costs 5 Fill in the Blanks 23. Once a court has established the principles that should apply to a particular type of situation, all courts that are lower than that court in the judicial hierarchy must apply those principles when deciding cases similar to the one in which the principles were established. This is called the requirement to follow ; in Latin, it is known as the doctrine of . It is this requirement to follow precedent that gives the principles the force of law. 24. In general, an official to whom the legislature has delegated decision-making power may not delegate that power to someone else. Such delegation is called 25. A tribunal (or court) order prohibiting the publication of information disclosed in a proceeding is called a