In 2018, Lisa and Fred, a married couple, had taxable income of $312,000. If they were to file separate tax returns, Lisa would have reported taxable income of $129,000 and Fred would have reported taxable income of $183,000. Use Tax Rate Schedule for reference.

What is the couples marriage penalty or benefit? (Do not round intermediate calculations.)

Schedule X-Single Schedule Z-Head of Household If tarable income in over: But not over The tax it If taxable income in over: But not over The tax in $ 9.525 3 38,700 S 82,500 $157,500 9525 38,700 S 82,500 $157.500 10% of taxable income $952.50 plus 12% of the excess over S9325 $4,453.50 plus 22% of the excess over $38,700 $14,089.50 pas 24% of the excess over $82,500 $32,089.50 plus 32% ofthe encess over $157,500 $45,689.50 plus 35% of the excess over $200,000 $150,609.50 plus 37% of the exoes& over $500,000 $ 13,600 51,800 $ 82,500 $157,500 13,600 51,800 82.500 $157.500 10% of taxable income $1,300 plus 12% of the excess over $13,000 $3.944 plus 22% of the excess over $51,800 $12,698 plus 24% of te excess over $82,500 $30,698 plus 32% ofthe emess over $157.500 $44,298 plus 35% ofthe exces1 over $200,000 $149,298 plus 37% of the excess over $500,000 Schedule Y-1-Married Filing Jointly or Qualitying Widow(er) Schedule Y-2-Married Filing Separately If taxable income is over: But not over: 19.050 77,400 $165,000 315,000 The tax is: If taxable income is over: But not over: The tax is 10% ot taxable income $1,905 plus 12% of the excess over $19,000 sa,907 plus 22% of the excess over $77,400 S28.179 ptas 24% of the excess over $165,000 S64.179 plus 32% of the excess over $315,000 $91,379 plus 35% of te ence" over $400,000 $161,379 plus 37% of the ence" over $600,000 S 9.525 $ 38,700 S82,500 $157.500 $ 9525 S 38,700 S 82,500 157,500 10% of taxable income $952.50 plus 12% of te excess over $9,525 $4,453.50 plus 22% of the uoess over $38,700 $14,089.50 plus 24% of the excess over $82,500 $32,089.50 plus 32% of the excess over $157,500 $45,689.50 plus 35% of the excess over $200,000 sso,609.50 plus 37% of the etcets over S300.000 3 19,050 S 77,400 $315,000