in 2019, Lisa and Fred, a married couple, had taxable income of $319,500. If they were to file separate tax returns, Lisa would have reported taxable income of $131,500 and Fred would have reported taxable income of $188,000 Use Tax Rate Schedule for reference What is the couple's marriage penalty or benefit? (Do not round intermediate calculations.) If taxable income is over. But not over The taxis S 0 $ 9,700 106 of taxable income $ 9,700 S 39 475 S970 plus 1296 of the excess over $9.700 S 39475 $84.200 $4.543 plus 22% of the excess over $39.475 S 84 200 $160.725 S14 38250 plus 24% of the excess over $84,200 $160.725 $204,100 $32.748.50 plus 32% of the excess over $160,725 5204.100 $510,300 $16.628 50 plus 35% of the excess over $204 100 $510,300 S153,798 50 plus 37% of the excess over $510,300 Schedule Y-I Married Filing Jointly or Qualifying Widow(er) If taxable income is over: But not over: The tax is: S 0 $ 19.400 10% of taxable income $ 19,400 $ 78,950 S1.940 plus 12% of the excess over $19.400 S 78,950 $168.400 $9,086 plus 22% of the excess over $78,950 $168 400 $321.450 $28,765 plus 24% of the excess over $168.400 S321,+50 S408,200 $65,497 plus 32% of the excess over $321,450 $408.200 $612350 $93,257 plus 35% of the excess over $408.200 S612350 $164, 709.50 plus 37% of the excess over 5612,350 Schedule Z-Head of Household If taxable income is over: But not over: The tax is: S 0 $ 13,850 10% of taxable income $ 13,850 $ 52,850 $1,385 plus 12% of the excess over $13.850 S 52,850 $ 84,200 56,065 plus 22% of the excess over $52.850 S 84,200 $160.700 $12.962 plus 24% of the excess over $84.200 $160,700 $204,100 $31,322 plus 32% of the excess over $160,700 5204,100 $510,300 $45,210 plus 35% of the excess over $204,100 $S10.300 $152 380 plus 37 of the excess over S510,300 Schedule Y-2-Married Filing Separately If taxable income is over: But not over: The tax is: $ 0 $ 9,700 10% of taxable income S 9.700 S 39,475 $970 plus 12% of the excess over $9.700 $ 39,475 $ 84,200 $4,543 plus 22% of the excess over $39,475 $ 84, 200 $160,725 $14,382 50 plus 24% of the excess over $84.200 $160,725 S204,100 $32,748 50 plus 32% of the excess over $160,72 $204,100 $306,175 S46,628.50 plus 35% of the excess over $204,100 S306,175 582 354.75 plus 37% of the excess over $306,175 In 2019, Jasmine and Thomas, a married couple, had taxable income of $103,500. If they were to file separate tax returns, Jasmine would have reported taxable income of $93,500 and Thomas would have reported taxable income of $10,000 Use Tax Rate Schedule for reference What is the couple's marriage penalty or benefit? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)