In a 1993 study, researchers took a sample of people who claimed to have had an intense experience with an unidentified flying object (UFO) and a sample of people who did not claim to have had such an experience (Spanos et al., 1993). They then compared the two groups on a wide variety of variables, including IQ. Suppose you want to test whether or not the average IQ of those who have had such a UFO experience is higher than 96, so you want to test

• The sample mean IQ of the 25 people in the study who claimed to have had an intense experience with a UFO was 101.6; the standard deviation of these IQs was 8.9. Does this information enable you to check the technical conditions completely? What needs to be true for this procedure to be valid?

Question options:

a. The population of IQ scores for this group should be approximately normally distributed and we also need a sample size of at least 10

b. The sample needs to be representative of all individuals who claim to have had such an experience.

c. The population of IQ scores for this group does not need to be approximately normally distributed. The sample needs to be representative of all individuals who claim to have had such an experience.

d. The population of IQ scores for this group should be approximately normally distributed and we also need a sample size of at least 30

e. The population of IQ scores for this group should be approximately normally distributed. The sample needs to be representative of all individuals who claim to have had such an experience.

• find the test statistic.Round your answer to two decimal places
• determine the p-value. Round your answer to four decimal places
• Fill in the blank in the sentence interpreting the p-value in the context of this sample and these hypotheses. Round your answer to two decimal places.

If the average IQ of this population is really 96, then you could expect to see a random sample of 25 people from this group with an average IQ of at least 101.6 in about____ % of samples, by random chance alone.