In each case below a particular fiscal policy affects an economy's AD curve via the spending multiplier. Calculate the spending multiplier and find the direction and size of the shift in the AD curve.Enter your responses for the spending multiplier rounded to 2 decimal places, and size of the shift of the AD curve rounded to 1 decimal place. Do not put minus signs in your answers.

a. If government purchases increase by $1 billion in an economy with an MPW of 0.70 then the spending multiplier isand the AD curve finally shifts to the

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by $billion.

b. If government purchases decrease by $5 billion in an economy with an MPC of 0.45 then the spending multiplier isand the AD curve finally shifts to the

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by $billion.

c. If a $3 billion tax rise occurs in an economy with an MPW of 0.75 then the spending multiplier isand the AD curve finally shifts to the

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right

by $billion.

d. If a $2 billion tax cut causes an initial $0.6 billion increase in spending on domestic items then the spending multiplier isand the AD curve finally shifts to the

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by $billion.