In formal terms, a monitor is an object which only allows one of its methods to be executed at once.

For Java:

1) How could you implement a class satisfying the monitors fundamental mutual exclusion property that is, a class whose instantiated objects ensured mutual exclusion among their methods? Provide a code fragment as an example.

2) Could you mutually exclude critical sections smaller than an entire method without resorting to mutex locks? If so, how?

3) How would you implement condition variables as we described them in class? Provide a code fragment as an example.

4) Does the implementation differ if you need more than one condition variable? If so, how?