1. In manufacturing processes, it is of interest to know with confidence the proportion of defective parts. Suppose that we want to be reasonably certain that less than 4% of a company's widgets are defective. To test this, we obtain a random sample of 250 widgets from a large batch. Each of the 250 widgets is tested for defects, and 6 are determined to be defective, based upon the manufacturer's standards. Using = 0.01, is this evidence that less than 4% of the company's widgets are defective?State the hypotheses, list and check the conditions, calculate the test statistic, find the p-value, and make a conclusion in a complete sentence related to the scenario.

1. In 1965, about 44% of the U.S. adult population had never smoked cigarettes. A national health survey of 1360 U.S. adults (selected randomly) during 2020 revealed that 626 had never smoked cigarettes. Using = 0.05, test whether there has been a change since 1965 in the proportion of U.S. adults that have never smoked cigarettes. State the hypotheses, list and check the conditions, calculate the test statistic, find the p-value, and make a conclusion in a complete sentence related to the scenario.