In order to analyze the lipids, all lipids are isolated from the food sources with the help of a modified Bligh, Dyer, and Folch liquid-liquid extraction. This technique enriches lipids into the organic phase of a dual phase extraction solution due to the hydrophobic nature of the lipid. A mixture containing organic nonpolar solvents, water, and sand are added to the food source. The mixture is ground well. Chloroform was the original organic solvent used for these methods. However, see we now know that is causes liver and kidney impairment and is possibly cancerogenic, the safer solvent dichloromethane (DCM) will be used. A salt solution is used to raise the polarity of the aqueous phase, this improves the efficiency of the separation. The resulting lipid mixture contains both polar and non-polar lipids. This lipid mixture can be further separated using a silicic acid column. When the silicic acid column is eluted with DCM the lower polarity lipids will be collected. Elution with methanol will result in a fraction of higher polarity. Both pre-column and post-column lipid fractions will be analyzed with thin layer chromatography (TLC). The pre-column lipid fraction will be trans-esterified with methanol prior to analysis by gas chromatography (GC) These techniques are common organic chemistry techniques. Use your knowledge from Organic Chemistry and any other resources to answer the following questions. 1. Briefly, in your own words, explain why extraction works. 2. Explain why is it important to add magnesium sulfate to the organic layer. 3. Explain how solvent polarity affects elution order on a TLC plate. 4. Why would a small amount of acid be added to the solvent? 5. What factors affect the separation of compounds using GC