In order to better understand a borrower's probability of default, lenders have a number of tools at their disposal. The ratio that measures the percentage of the price $($or value$)$ of a property that is encumbered by the first mortgage is referred to as the:

A$)$ debt coverage ratio $($DCR$).$

B$)$ loan$-$to$-$value ratio $($LTV$).$

Q$)$ break$-$even ratio $($BER$).$

d$.$ price$-$earnings ratio $($PE$).$