In recent years large numbers of migrants, including refugees, from lower-income coun tries have been arriving in many high-income countries (eg., USA, European Union countries, Canada). Discuss the impact of these immigrants on the population growth and population com- position in high-income countries - birth rate; age structure (with implications for dependency ratios, education, the labour force, healthcare); mortality rate. You can focus on a specific country if you wish. Based on your analysis, what policies do you believe high-income coun- tries' governments should implement related to immigration in general or targeting specific types of immigrants, for example, encourage, restrict, allow but charge a large fee for residence permit/visa, or other? Be specific and justify your policy recommendation using economic arguments. Make sure to list any references you use and provide the sources for all facts or data you mention. Word limit: 1000.