In the 2000s, M&A of stock exchanges were no longer rare phenomenon. In 2006, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange acquired CBOT Holdings Inc. for $11.1 billion; NYSE Group paid $10.2 billion for Euronext NV and also purchased Archipelago Holdings for $2.6 billion in order to enable entry into electronic trading; and NASDAQ bought a 15% stake in the LSE. In 2007, NASDAQ purchased Swedens OMX AB for $4.1 billion. OMX bought Dubai International Financial Centre for $3.4 billion. NYMEX Holdings was acquired by CME Group for $7.56 billion while NYSE paid $460 million for 20% of Indias Stock Exchange. In 2008 Bovespa Holding SA, which administers Brazils Sao Paulo Stock Exchange, merged with Brazils main derivatives market BM&F in a $10.3 billion transaction.

On March 29th 2017, the European Commission, however, prohibited the proposed merger between Deutsche Brse AG and London Stock Exchange Group under the EU Merger Regulation. Research and discuss the benefits and costs of M&A of stock exchanges