In the commercial production of sugar (sucrose), the product crystals are washed and centrifuged to partial dryness. The crystals are then sent through a rotary dryer where they are contacted with a hot stream of air that reduces the moisture content from 1:0 wt% to 0:1 wt%. The ratio of wet sugar to inlet air fed to the dryer is 3.3 kg wet sugar/kg inlet air. The inlet air contains 1.5 mole% water.

(a) Draw and label the flowchart and do the degree-of-freedom analysis.

(b) Taking a basis of 100 kg of wet sugar fed to the dryer, calculate the mass of water and its mole fraction in the air leaving the dryer.

(c) If 1000 tons/day of dried sugar is to be produced, at what rate (lbm/h) is water evaporated from the sugar?

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