In the "Muqaddimah" written by Ibn Khaldun, Khaldun emphasizes the importance of human cooperation in the following quote, "The power of the individual human being is not sufficient for him to obtain (the food) he needs ... Through cooperation, the needs of a number of persons, many times greater than their own number can be satisfied." (p. 45)

However, in chapter 3, Khaldun provides his explores some of the consequences that come as a result of the division of labor when taken to the extreme, "Luxury continues to grow, and [Dynastic] spending increases on the account of it. The need for (appropriating) people's property becomes stronger and stronger. In this way the authority of the Dynasty shrinks until its influence is wiped out and its identity lost..." (p. 242)

1. How does Khaldun resolve the apparent contradiction between these 2 claims (that the division of labor is a necessary predecessor of civilization, and yet, gives rise to serious detriments in civilization)?

2. What solutions/analysis does he offerto avoid these results?

*Please show how Khaldun comes to the problem he identifies & do you personally feel like Khaldun's analysis is a good resolution to the issues associated with the division of labour?

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