In which one of the following situations is the principalnotresponsible for the conduct of his agent?

a.When selling vacuum cleaners for Ace Vacuums Ltd., Joe lied to the customer about the qualities of the vacuum being sold. He was an employee of Ace.

b.In his job selling vacuum cleaners for Ace Vacuums Ltd., Joe drove his car carelessly and hit a pedestrian on his way to deliver a vacuum cleaner to a customer. He was an employee of Ace.

c.In his job selling vacuum cleaners for Ace Vacuums Ltd., Joe drove his car carelessly and hit a pedestrian on his way to deliver a vacuum cleaner to a customer. He was an independent agent.

d.When selling vacuum cleaners for Ace Vacuums Ltd., Joe lied to the customer about the qualities of the vacuum being sold. He was an independent agent.

e.When driving the employer's car to sell vacuums to a customer, Joe hit a pedestrian. Joe was an employee.