In your book there are $4$ parts to a system. They are Input, Transformational, Processes, Outputs, and Feedback. The reason we should understand the study of this is because of a phenomena that can occur in systems. What is this phenomena?

This phenomena requires that the Processes will leapfrog passed the Feedback step and prevent any possible failures from taking place.

All of these

Synergy. If you divided out the effort of each individual employee, then looked at what they could accomplish, then compared it to the amount of work when that group works together, the group working together could accomplish a lot more...than the sum of their parts.

Because the output could change depending on the input. However if the Feedback alters the input in the transformational process, then the firm can't move forward.