Income inequality remains a central issue in economic discourse, with significant implications for policy, social cohesion, and economic growth. Traditional measures of income inequality often provide a snapshot based on annual income, potentially obscuring the true extent of inequality over a lifetime. The 2021 study by economists Alan Auerbach, Laurence Kotlikoff, and Darryl Koehler, titled "U.S. Inequality and Fiscal Progressivity," offers a novel approach by examining inequality within specific age cohorts and considering total resources available over individuals' remaining lifetimes. This case study assignment explores income inequality from this lifetime perspective, integrating factors such as wealth, current and future income, taxes, and government transfers. Objectives - To understand the methodology used in assessing income inequality from a lifetime perspective. - To analyze how this approach alters the perception and measurement of income inequality. - To evaluate the impact of taxes and transfer payments on income inequality when viewed over a lifetime. - To discuss the implications of these findings for economic policy and social welfare