INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

Read the following article and answer the questions that follow:

Managing Technology in Operations Management In last decade or so technology has changed the way organisations conduct their business. The advent of technology in operations management has increased the productivity of organisations.

Technology and Operations Management The scope of technology and operations management has evolved over a period and has moved from development of products into design, management and improvement of operating systems and processes. The utilisation of technology in operations management has ensured that organisations are able to reduce the cost, improve the delivery process, standardise and improve quality and focus on customisation, thereby creating value for customers.

Integration of Technology with Production System Technology drives efficiency in organisations and increases the productivity of the organisation. However, bringing technology into the production system is a highly complex process, and it needs the following steps:

Technology Acquisition: Technology acquired should align with overall objectives of the organisation and should be approved after an appropriate cost-benefit analysis. Technology Integration: Technology affects all aspects of production i.e. capital, labour and customer. Therefore, a solid technology integration plan is required. Technology Verification: Once technology has been integrated, it is important to check whether it is delivering operational effectiveness.

Technology in Manufacturing and Design

Technology is being extensively used in the customisation of products and services. The usage of computers and supporting electronic systems is an integral part of the modern industrial and services industry. Current techniques can be broadly classified into following categories:

Computer-Aided Design (CAD): CAD facilitates linking of two more complex components of design at very high level of accuracy thus delivering higher productivity.

Computer-Aided Manufacturing System (CAM): Precision is very essential in operating any machines and therefore, Computerized Numerically Controlled machines are used, thus ensuring highest level of accuracy.

Standard for the Exchange of Product Data: As the name suggests product design is transmitted among CAM and CAM in three dimensions. Standard for The Exchange of Product Data process sharing of product across all phases of product life cycle and serves as neutral file exchange.

Software Systems in Manufacturing There are various software systems available to integrated operations and manufacturing functions with other business functions of organisation. Some of the common software systems are Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Supply-Chain Management (SCM), New-Product Development (NPD) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM). Enterprises Resources Planning (ERP) links all business functions like manufacturing, marketing, human resource and finance through a common software platform. The main benefits of the ERP solution are that it not only reduces database errors but also delivers value to customer through faster delivery and order fulfillment.

Automation in Production and Operations

Automation reduces manual intervention in the manufacturing process. It increases productivity and reduces margin of error thereby facilitating economies of scale. There is this-advantages of automation also, such as unemployment, high breakdown cost and initial capital investment. Therefore, automation may not be suitable in all situations and in the end alignment with an overall organisation objective is important.

Challenges Technology can be a facilitating factor in bringing about change in operations and production management. But it may not be feasible to use technology in all aspects with challenges coming through high initial cost of investment, high cost of maintenance and mismanagement.

Source:https://www.managementstudyguide.com/managing-technology-in-operations-management.html

Questions: 1.1 Examine with the use of relevant examples from the article how technology can be integrated into a production system. 1.2 Determine how supply chain information management systems can increase productivity and create efficiencies in the supply chain. 1.3 Assess the importance of enterprise applications in eliminating the "Silo" effect.

QUESTION TWO There is no one single information system that will satisfy all the needs of an organisation. At first glance, it can be difficult to comprehend all the different systems in a business, and even more difficult to understand how they relate to one another. With regards to the above information, discuss the role, concept and purpose of each of the different information systems that serve different management groups.

QUESTION THREE

3.1 Assess the impact of information system on an organisations resistance to change. 3.2 Examine the five moral dimensions with regards to information systems