Integrated Pest Management (IPM) adopters apply significantly less insecticides and fungicides than nonadopters among grape producers. The paper "Environmental and Economic Consequences of Technology Adoption: IPM in Viticulture" [Agricultural Economics (2008) 18:145-155] contained the following adoption rates for the six states that account for most of the U.S. production. A survey of 712 grape-producing growers asked whether or not the growers were using an IPM program on the farms.

State

Cal. Mich. New York Oregon Penn. Wash. Total

IPM adopted 39 55 19 22 24 30 189

IPM not adopted 92 69 114 88 83 77 523

Total 131 124 133 110 107 107 712

1. Provide a graphical display of the data.
2. Is there significant evidence that the proportions of grape farmers who have adopted IPM are different across the six states.