1. [1 point] Define the demographic dividend and explain why it is an im- portant issue for growth. 2. [1 point] The "dependency ratio" is the ratio of the number of dependents to the number of working age individuals. Using the population pyramid data for China, Sudan, and Argentina, calculate the dependency ratios using as thresholds: Young dependent: 0 to 19 years old Working population: 20 to 64 Old dependent: 65 to 100+ 3. [1 point] Graph the population pyramids for each country. 4. [1 point] Which country has the highest dependency burden? Which country is benefiting from a "demographic dividend"? 5. [2 points] Calculate the ratio of males to female between 0 to 4 in each country. Discuss. Midyear Population, Year Age 2010 Total 2010 0-4 2010 5-9 2010 10-14 2010 15-19 2010 20-24 2010 25-29 2010 30-34 2010 35-39 2010 40-44 2010 45-49 2010 50-54 2010 55-59 2010 60-64 2010 65-69 2010 70-74 2010 75-79 2010 80-84 2010 85-89 2010 90-94 2010 95-99 2010 100+ by Age and Sex for Argentina Both Sexes Populatic Male Population Female Population 41343201 20365905 3614655 1850614 3529967 1806229 3407241 1742429 3381508 1729448 3322410 1681107 3250662 1626556 3198321 1602412 2717915 2357257 2237073 2141417 1981856 1688440 1365684 1105184 877453 630496 355363 140812 35204 4283 1356280 1170348 1108509 1057189 968361 809888 628758 477280 347344 228763 119731 43476 9943 1240 20977296 1764041 1723738 1664812 1652060 1641303 1624106 1595909 1361635 1186909 1128564 1084228 1013495 878552 736926 627904 530109 401733 235632 97336 25261 3043 Midyear Population, Year Age 2010 Total 2010 0-4 2010 5-9 2010 10-14 2010 15-19 2010 20-24 2010 25-29 2010 30-34 2010 35-39 2010 40-44 2010 45-49 2010 50-54 2010 55-59 2010 60-64 2010 65-69 2010 70-74 2010 75-79 2010 80-84 2010 85-89 2010 90-94 2010 95-99 2010 100+ by Age and Sex for Sudan Both Sexes Populatic Male Population Female Population 43939598 7018343 6128436 5505647 4929355 4126088 3431548 2794912 2416867 2035282 1508761 1142013 968733 776521 552369 353837 171042 60348 16670 2653 167 6 22042860 3588927 3130048 2808928 2507625 2082095 1716530 1373628 1216780 1030443 706189 499761 431122 355463 273106 187850 91678 32250 8935 1410 89 3 21896738 3429416 2998388 2696719 2421730 2043993 1715018 1421284 1200087 1004839 802572 642252 537611 421058 279263 165987 79364 28098 7735 1243 78 3 Midyear Population, Year Age 2010 Total 2010 0-4 2010 5-9 2010 10-14 2010 15-19 2010 20-24 2010 25-29 2010 30-34 2010 35-39 2010 40-44 2010 45-49 2010 50-54 2010 55-59 2010 60-64 2010 65-69 2010 70-74 2010 75-79 2010 80-84 2010 85-89 2010 90-94 2010 95-99 2010 100+ by Age and Sex for China Both Sexes Populatic Male Population Female Population. 1330141295 685638843 644502452 40850553 35195483 40748780 34475481 46764479 40246677 54622479 48947822 64165426 59485225 51959889 49180431 48158365 45988570 59735062 57061924 62780886 59892661 50967689 76046036 75224261 87011156 103570301 123650651 101140320 94146935 116796986 122673547 100166747 79125803 79538779 56048407 39790746 32167761 23384742 12959114 5285853 1242256 160597 10297 40696859 40322910 28577469 20136655 15923780 11035970 5700124 2042018 404277 43031 2142 49199058 38428944 39215869 27470938 19654091 16243981 12348772 7258990 3243835 837979 117566 8155