Introductory statistics

3. A large mall conducted a survey to estimate how much money people planned to spend during the Christmas season. The survey included 5 questions asked of randomly selected shoppers between 10 AM and 4 PM on a weekday during the month of August. The survey estimate of $250 per shopper was much lower than the actual average of $400 spent per shopper from the previous Christmas season. Do you think this result reliably indicates that sales will be lower for the upcoming Christmas? Can you identify any other reason the $250 average is so far below the previous $400 figure? 4. A prominent medical school conducted a study that concluded adults with high blood pressure who consistently ate small amounts of low sugar dark chocolate experienced a significant reduction in blood pressure. As the study was being reviewed prior to publication in a medical journal, it was discovered that the Jershey Chocolate Company provided substantial funding for this research. a) Identify any bias in this study. b) Is it reasonable to conclude that adults with high blood pressure who consistently eat small amounts of low sugar dark chocolate experience a significant reduction in blood pressure