. Is it ethical to use prisoners as subjects if they understand the potential risks and have given their consent? Is it ethical to offer an incentive for consent, such as additional privileges or a reduced sentence? 2. Was the Milgram experiment described in this section unethical? Why or why not? 3. For research projects that affect human subjects, is potential psychological harm any different from potential physical harm? 4. Is it unethical to intentionally infect test subjects who are humans? What about animals? 5. Reducing sample bias may result in a less positive outcome overall, which may delay or stop the release of a drug that a subset of the population might benefit from. Is this an acceptable tradeoff?

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