Question
is this a good paragraph regarding neurocognition on loss aversion for an essay at University? The cognitive bias of loss aversion has led to researchers
is this a good paragraph regarding neurocognition on loss aversion for an essay at University?
The cognitive bias of loss aversion has led to researchers exploring the neural basis of the phenomenon (Sokol-Hessner & Rutledge,2019) in attempt to understand how the brain responds to potential losses compared to equivalent gains.Canessa et al. (2013) used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) a form of neuroimaging to identify two regions that are active at the time of decision-making: the striatum (Canessa et al, 2017) and the amygdala (Charpentier et al, 2016). Dopamine is one of the primary neuromodulators (chemical substances) that influence the striatum and a critical determinant of risk-taking behaviour (Sokol-Hessner & Rutledge,2019). Rutledge et al. (2015) used levodopa as a substitute for dopamine during a risky decision-making task and found it increased both reward seeking and happiness after small rewards, but not on loss aversion. Whilst the amygdala uses noradrenaline to avoid adverse stimuli, supported by McGaugh's (2002)study on rodents. The amygdala-striatal noradrenergic circuit can explain loss aversion, as the amygdala and striatum work together to collaborate and integrate emotional and reward-related signals to guide decisions. The amygdala through the noradrenergic pathway assist to amplify the emotional significance of potential loss which contributes to the tendency of being loss averse, as damage to the amygdala has shown to eliminate loss aversion (De Martino et al, 2010). Similarly, Sokol-Hessner et al. (2015) observed that propranolol selectively reduces loss aversion, as a noradrenergic receptor antagonist.
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