Is this statement a positive or normative statement? A study by Heidenreich et al. (2011) estimates the direct cost of cardiovascular disease in the United States equals $272.5 billion in 2010. Is this statement a positive or normative statement? A study by Heidenreich et al. (2011) estimates the direct cost of cardiovascular disease in the United States equals $272.5 billion in 2010. positive statement normative statement