It is not unusual for different departments or work teams within an organization to have differing goals. Which of the following strategies is most likely to be effective in managing this type of conflict, therefore helping the organization succeed?

A$.$

Decentralizing authority and decision making so that each department can achieve its goals independently.

B$.$

Selecting department managers with Type A personalities to maintain high levels of productivity within each department.

C$.$

Creating social opportunities for organization members to interact with one another in a non$-$work setting.

D$.$

Communicating a clear vision and strategic plan that aligns department and work team goals with those of the organization.

E$.$

Using conflict to create competition among departments, thus enhancing productivity.