It's in your genes: Human genetic material (DNA) is made up of sequences of the molecules adenosine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T), which are calledbases. Acodonis a sequence of three bases. Replications are allowed, so AAA, CGC, and so forth are codons. Codons are important because each codon causes a different protein to be created.

Part 1 of 5

(a) How many different codons are there?

There are

different codons.

Part 2 of 5

(b) How many different codons are there in which all three bases are different?

There are

different codons in which all three bases are different.

Part 3 of 5

(c) The bases A and G are calledpurines, while C and T are calledpyrimidines. How many different codons are there in which the first base is a purine and the second and third are pyrimidines?

There are

different codons in which the first base is a purine and the second and third are pyrimidines.

Part 4 of 5

(d) What is the probability that all the three bases are different? Write your answer as a fraction, decimal, or a percent. Do not round your answer.

The probability that all three bases are different is

.

Part 5 of 5

(e) What is the probability that the first base is a purine and the second and third are pyrimidines? Write your answer as a fraction, decimal, or a percent. Do not round your answer.

The probability that the first base is a purine and the second and third are pyrimidines is