Ivanhoe Corporation sponsors a defined benefit pension plan and reports under IFRS. On January $1,2023,$ the company reported

plan assets of $$1,400$ and a defined benefit obligation of $$1,500($all amounts in thousands of dollars$).$ During $2023,$ the current

service cost was determined to be $$126,$ the discount rate on the DBO and plan assets was $6\%,$ and the actual return on the plan

assets for the year was $$77.$ Ivanhoe made contributions of $$129$ into the plan at the end of the year and the benefits paid

amounted to $$90.$ The plan was amended effective December $31,2023,$ with the cost of the past service benefits granted being

$$56.$

Determine the deficit of the pension plan at January $1,2023,$ and calculate its December $31,2023$ deficit balance directly, by

identifying which $2023$ pension events increased the deficit, which decreased it$,$ and which had no effect. $($Enter answer in

thousands of dollars. Round answer to $0$ decimal places, e$.$g$.5,275.)$

Plan deficit, December $31,2023$$