Jake buys 500 shares of DEF Corp. for $36.60. One year afterwards, DEF Corp.s share price decreased to $34.80, but each DEF share paid $1.60 in dividends. Which of the following is true?

a) DEF Corp. had a capital gain, but the value of its total return is negative.

b) DEF Corp. had a capital loss, and the value of its total return is negative.

c) DEF Corp. had a capital loss, but the value of its total return is positive.

d) DEF Corp. had a capital gain, and the value of its total return is positive.